ORIGINAL ARTICLE
DNA barcoding indicates the presence of unrecognized species and phylogenetic diversity within the Biatora vernalis- and B. meiocarpa- groups
1
Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt,
Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
2
Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, N-7729
Steinkjer, Norway
3
NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and
Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
4
Finnish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 University
of Helsinki, Finland
5
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Saarstr. 21, 55122 Mainz,
Germany
6
Department of Botany, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya
emb. 7–9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
7
Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Blindern, N-0318 Oslo,
Norway
Publication date: 2023-12-29
Plant and Fungal Systematics 2023; 68(2): 262-279
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The Biatora vernalis- and meiocarpa-groups comprise species with pale beige to reddish brown apothecia and 0-, rarely also 1(–3)-septate ascospores. A DNA barcoding approach based on ITS sequences shows that these two groups comprise more species and phylogenetic diversity than previously known. Specimens identified as B. vernalis, the type species of the genus, appear to be paraphyletic with regard to B. chrysantha. In addition, there
is a morphologically similar species belonging to the B. meiocarpa-group and tentatively named “B. orientalis” in previous publications. Biatora subduplex has for some time been known to comprise specimens from the B. vernalis-, as well as the B. meiocarpa-group. Similar to the situation in B. vernalis, samples from the meiocarpa-clade form several subclades close to B. meiocarpa. Anatomical studies reveal subtle, but recognizable morphological differences between B. subduplex s.str. and the species in the meiocarpa-clade, but not between the subclades. Here, we describe Biatora orientalis as new to science, raise B. meiocarpa var. tacomensis to species rank and provide revised identification keys for the B. vernalis- and B. meiocarpa-groups.
FUNDING
CP gratefully acknowledges financial support for field trips by the Research Council of Norway, the Grolle Olsens Fund and the German Science Foundation. LW, AK and LMs work was supported by the Finnish Ministry of the Environment PUTTE
program 2021–2022. The OLICH sequences (OR775002-79) were generated by the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, partly funded by the Norwegian Barcode of Life and the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre.
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