ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The Pseudocyphellaria hookeri clade (Peltigerales): a species pair-photosymbiodeme speciation complex?
1
Applied Molecular Solutions Research Group, School of Environmental
and Animal Sciences, Unitec, Private Bag 92025, Victoria
Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
2
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität
Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6–8, 14195 Berlin, Germany
3
Research Associate, Collections, Conservation and Research Division,
The Field Museum, 1400 South DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago,
Illinois 60605, USA
4
Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de
Caldas, Cra. 4 No. 26B-54, Torre de Laboratorios, Herbario, Bogotá,
Colombia
5
Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira, Private Bag
92018, Victoria Street West, Auckland, New Zealand
6
Riverside Brookfield High School, 160 Ridgewood Rd, Riverside, IL
60546, USA
7
Current affiliation: LanzaTech Inc, Skokie, IL 60077, USA
Submission date: 2026-04-16
Acceptance date: 2026-07-06
Online publication date: 2026-07-31
Publication date: 2026-07-31
Plant and Fungal Systematics 2026; 71(1): 164-191
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
We present an integrative taxonomic revision of the Pseudocyphellaria hookeri
group in Aotearoa | New Zealand. Molecular data of the fungal ITS barcoding marker resolve
the group as monophyletic, in a strongly supported clade on a long stem branch, related
to the P. crocata group. Our study confirms the three species previously assigned to this
group, P. hookeri, P. durietzii, and P. montagnei, as part of this clade. In addition, a fourth
species was detected and is formally described here, namely P. coralloidea sp. nov. It is
characterized by a cyanobacterial photobiont and coralloid clusters of stout, robust isidia
partially eroding into soralia-like structures. Given that the P. hookeri clade contains four
different combinations of photobionts and reproductive structures (durietzii: green, apothecia;
montagnei: green, phyllidia; hookeri: cyanobacterial, apothecia; coralloidea: cyanobacterial:
isidia), we hypothesized that this clade evolved from a polymorphic ancestor representing
both a photosymbiodeme and a species pair. Indeed, both cases are well documented in
other taxa of Pseudocyphellaria. However, our results do not support such a conclusion,
but rather indicate step-wise transitions between photobionts and/or reproductive strategy.
We also found that P. durietzii and P. hookeri are not photomorphs sharing the same mycobiont,
as previously suggested. All four species of the P. hookeri group are described and
illustrated and their taxonomy is discussed, including a dichotomous key. We also provide
information about their distribution, ecology, and conservation status. We introduce the
term “soredisidia” for reproductive structures that represent a transition between genuine
soralia and true isidia. This contribution is dedicated to our esteemed colleague, André
Aptroot, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.
FUNDING
Funding for field and laboratory work for this study was provided
by a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF)
to The Field Museum: DEB-1354884 “Collaborative Research:
Evolution, Diversification, and Conservation of a Megadiverse
Flagship Lichen Genus” (PI H. Thorsten Lumbsch, CoPI RL).
The Field Museum’s Prince Fund supported the internship of HR
as part of this research project.
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